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2015, vol. 44, br. 1, str. 26-47
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Mehanizam funkcionisanja i računovodstveni tretman kamatnog svopa
Mechanism and accounting treatment of interest rate swap
Sažetak
Kamatni svop je derivat koji se danas rutinski koristi u finansijskom sektoru u svetu. Nasuprot tome, svop tržište u Srbiji je svedeno samo na osnovne verzije kamatnih svopova i ograničeno većim korisnicima i pružaocima usluga na finansijskom tržištu. Srpske banke sporo uvode i promovišu kamatne svopove kao jedne od svojih usluga, što je vidljivo iz brojnih informacija o kamatnim svopovima i neinovativnih ponuda ovih instrumenata. Sa druge strane kompanije nisu u stanju da prepoznaju kamatne svopove kao instrument za zaštitu od negativnih efekata promena kamatnih stopa i načina za postizanje konkurentne prednosti u odnosu na ostale tržišne učesnike. Jedna od prepreka za korišćenje svopova je nespremnost kompanija da se informišu, edukuju i upuste u nove transakcije. Obim sklopljenih svop transakcija ovisi o nivou razumevanja njegovih učesnika. Proširivanje znanja pomaže u premošćavanju jaza između teorije i prakse i podstiče na veću primenu kamatnih svopova u budućnosti.
Abstract
Interest rate swap is a derivative which is today routinely used in the financial sector worldwide. As opposed to that, the swap market in Serbia is reduced to basic versions of interest rate swaps only, and is limited to the major users and providers of services in the financial market. Banks in Serbia have been introducing and promoting interest rate swaps as one of their services rather slowly, which can be deduced from various information on interest rate swaps and non-innovative offers of these instruments. On the other hand, companies are unable to recognize interest rate swaps as instruments of hedge against the negative effects of interest rate fluctuations, and a way to gain competitive edge in relation to other market participants. One of the obstacles for using interest rate swaps is unwillingness of companies to get informed and educated, and to enter new transactions. The volume of conducted swap transactions depends on the level of understanding on the part of their participants. Expansion of knowledge helps bridge the gap between theory and practice, thereby encouraging a more intensive implementation of interest rate swaps in the future.
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