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Conceptual framework of remote working in Serbia: Towards gender differences
Konceptualni okvir rada na daljinu u Srbiji: razlike u odnosu na pol zaposlenih
Abstract
With the outbreak of the pandemic caused by the virus COVID-19, companies all around the world were affected and faced a new reality. In such circumstances, remote working was a necessary organizational response to the forthcoming crisis, to provide business continuity and protect their employees. For many companies, remote working is a completely new experience without any preparation period. The subject of the research is to reveal the perception and correlation between different variables, which are crucial for successful remote working implementation, within two groups of remote workers, male and female. This research highlights the differences and provides guidelines for successful remote working implementation for different genders. An original empirical research was conducted on a sample of companies that are doing business activities in Serbia and were deployed remote working for their employees during the COVID-19 pandemic to analyze the differences between male and female respondents toward five defined variables important for remote working: social support (SP), autonomy (A), monitoring (M), job performance (JP) and work engagement (WE) during remote working. The relationships between the indicated variables were tested by correlation analysis of 121 collected surveys.
Sažetak
Nakon pojave pandemije izazvane virusom Kovid-19, kompanije širom sveta su pogođene i suočene sa novom stvarnošću. U takvim okolnostima, rad na daljinu je bio neophodan organizacioni odgovor na nadolazeću krizu, kako bi se obezbedio kontinuitet u poslovnim procesima i zaštitili zaposleni. Za mnoge kompanije, rad na daljinu je bio potpuno novo iskustvo bez ikakvog pripremnog perioda. Predmet istraživanja je utvrđivanje percepcije i korelacije između različitih varijabli, koje su ključne za uspešnu implementaciju rada na daljinu, u okviru dve grupe radnika na daljinu, muškaraca i žena. Cilj istraživanja je da ukaže na razlike i pruži smernice za uspešnu implementaciju rada na daljinu u odnosu na pol zaposlenih. Za potrebe rada, sprovedeno je originalno empirijsko istraživanje na uzorcima kompanija koje obavljaju poslovne aktivnosti u Srbiji i koje su tokom pandemije Kovid-19 primenjivale rad na daljinu za zaposlene, a u cilju analize razlika između ispitanika muškog i ženskog pola prema pet definisanih varijabli važnih za rad na daljinu: socijalna podrška, autonomija, praćenje, radni učinak i radno angažovanje. Odnos između navedenih varijabli je testiran korelacionom analizom na osnovu 121 prikupljene ankete.
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