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2021, vol. 16, br. 49, str. 83-114
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Rodni stereotipi u odabranim dečjim kratkometražnim crtanim filmovima
Gender stereotypes in selected children's short cartoons
Sažetak
Gledajući crtane filmove deca uče o muškosti i ženskosti, ponašanju, ulogama, očekivanjima koje im oblikuju izmišljeni likovi u pričama prikazanim u crtanim filmovima na televiziji. Cilj istraživanja je utvrditi koji kodovi filmske umetnosti i na koje načine prenose rodne stereotipe u dečjim kratkometražnim crtanim filmovima, odnosno kako se verbalnim i neverbalnim sredstvima predstavljaju rodni stereotipi kao poželjni i na taj način su sredstvo u procesu socijalizacije dece. Predmet istraživanja rada je prikazivanje stereotipa i vrednosti u korpusom obuhvaćenim kratkometražnim crtanim filmovima nastalim krajem 20. i u prve dve decenije 21. veka. Ukupno trajanje posmatranog materijala, svih 65 epizoda, u sedam serijala, iznosi 37080 minuta, odnosno oko 10,30 sati. Uzorkovanje je sprovedeno u martu i aprilu 2016. godine. Rezultati pokazuju da crtani filmovi koji su bili predmet istraživanja privlačeći pažnju dece upotrebom kodova filmske umetnosti prenose patrijarhalne društvene obrasce, što se odražava na rodnu socijalizaciju dece. Ipak, primećen je i izvestan pomak koji ukazuje na sazrevanje ideje o značaju rodne ravnopravnosti koja treba da bude zastupljena ne samo u patrijarhatu već u svim rodnim sistemima koji su hijerahizovani.
Abstract
Looking at cartoon movies, children learn about masculinity and feminine, behavior, roles, expectations that shape fictional characters in stories shown in cartoon movies on television. The aim of the research is to determine what codes of film art and in what ways they convey gender stereotypes and how verbal and non-verbal means represent gender stereotypes as desirable and thus are a means in the process of socialization of children. The total duration of the observed material, all 65 episodes, in seven series, is 37,080 minutes, or about 10.30 hours. Sampling was conducted in March and April 2016. The results show that the cartoons that were the subject of the research, attracting the attention of children using the codes of film art, convey patriarchal social patterns, which is reflected in the gender socialization of children. However, a certain shift has been noticed, which indicates the maturing of the idea of the importance of gender equality, which should be represented not only in the patriarchate, but in all gender systems that are hierarchical.
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