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2015, vol. 30, br. 4, str. 225-232
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Razgradnja i perzistentnost tiakloprida u plodovima paprike
Dissipation and persistence of thiacloprid in pepper fruits
Sažetak
Istraživanje dato u ovom radu sprovedeno je u cilju praćenja dinamike razgradnje insekticida tiakloprida u plodovima paprike iz plasteničke proizvodnje. Tiakloprid je primenjen u količini (96 g a.m./ha) preporučenoj od strane proizvođača za zaštitu paprike od biljnih vaši. Paprika je uzorkovana odmah po sušenju depozita, nakon 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 i 10 dana. Ekstrakcija i prečišćavanje tiakloprida iz plodova paprike izvedena je QuEChERS metodom, dok je za određivanje nivoa ostataka primenjena tečna hromatografija sa DAD detektorom i Agilent Zorbax SB Cl8 kolona. Validacija metode izvedena je u potpunosti u skladu sa kriterijumima SANCO/12571/2013. Prosečna vrednost prinosa ekstrakcije tiakloprida iz plodova paprike iznosila je 83,69±5,05%, dok je preciznost metode izražena relativnom standardnom devijacijom (RSD) sa vrednošću od 3,21%. Dobra linearnost odziva detektora potvrđena je koeficijentom varijacije od 0,997%. Limit kvantifikacije za određivanje tiakloprida u paprici ovom metodom iznosi 0,01 mg/kg. Maksimalan nivo ostataka tiakloprida u plodovima paprike gajene u plasteniku utvrđen je po sušenju depozita i iznosio je 1,136 mg/kg. U uzorcima prikupljenim 2. dana od tretiranja, prosečna vrednost ostataka tiakloprida u uzorkovanim plodovima paprike iznosila je 0,321 mg/kg, sa gubitkom od 72%. Pod ovim uslovima proizvodnje, količina tiakloprida se u narednom periodu postepeno smanjivala, sa krajnjom vrednosti od 0,198 mg/kg, znatno ispod MDK od 1,0 mg/kg. Vreme poluraspada (DT50) tiakloprida u plodovima paprike gajene na ovaj način iznosi 4,95 dana. Na osnovu ostvarenih rezultata može se zaključiti da propisana karenca za tiakloprid obezbeđuje bezbednu primenu ovog insekticida u plasteničkoj proizvodnji paprike.
Abstract
This study gives insight into the behavior of the neonicotinoid insecticide thiacloprid in greenhouse production of pepper. Thiacloprid was applied at a concentration of 96 g a.i./ha, as recommended by the manufacturer for aphid control. Degradation of thiacloprid in pepper fruits was evaluated over a ten-day period, starting from the moment of insecticide application. Sample preparation was performed using the QuEChERS method for liquid chromatography with diode array detection for identification and quantification of thiacloprid residues in extracts of pepper samples. The method was validated in accordance with the SANCO/12571/2013 document. The obtained mean recovery value was 83.69%, with RSD 5.05%. Intraday precision was 3.21%. Within a concentration range from 0.01-2.0 μg/ml, thiacloprid showed linear calibration with R2 0.997%, while the quantification limit of the method was 0.01 mg/kg. The results of a field trial showed that thiacloprid dissipated rapidly from 1.136 mg/kg to 0.321 mg/kg with a loss of 72% in the first two days after application. Throughout the experimental period, thiacloprid residues in pepper fruits basically remained at a stable low level, and no residue exceeding 0.198 mg/kg was detected in the terminal residue experiment, which was below the MRL of 1.0 mg/kg. The half-life (DT50) of thiacloprid in pepper fruits obtained in this study was 4.95 days. Finally, the pre-harvest interval (PHI) for thiacloprid prescribed by Serbian authorities was proved to be safe enough in greenhouse production of pepper.
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