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2021, vol. 78, br. 2, str. 207-214
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Prediktori nastanka karijesa u ranom detinjstvu
Early childhood caries predictors
aUniverzitet u Prištini sa privremenim sedištem u Kosovskoj Mitrovici, Medicinski fakultet, Katedra za Stomatologiju bUniverzitet u Beogradu, Medicinski fakultet, Institut za medicinsku statistiku i informatiku cInstitute for Health Protection of Students, Department of Dentistry, Kosovska Mitrovica dUniverzitet u Beogradu, Stomatološki fakultet, Klinika za dečiju i preventivnu stomatologiju
e-adresa: marko.d.stevanovic@gmail.com
Sažetak
Uvod/Cilj. Karijes zuba predstavlja problem u svim uzrastima, ali je posebno veliki kod dece u najmlađem dobu. Karijes mlečnih zuba se može javiti nakon nicanja zuba, dovodeći do nastanka komplikacija i ekstrakcije zuba, što se odražava na kvalitet života i zdravlje. Na nastanak karijesa u ranom detinjstvu utiče veliki broj prediktora. S obzirom na to da su podaci o prediktorima nastanka karijesa mlečnih zuba oskudni, cilj rada bio je da se utvrdi rasprostranjenost karijesa na mlečnim zubima i otkriju prediktori nastanka karijesa u ranom detinjstvu. Metode. Istraživanjem je bilo obuhvaćeno 117 dece starosti od 3 do 6 godina, oba pola, sa teritorije Kosovske Mitrovice i Zvečana. Svi ispitanici su bili anketirani, uključujući i decu i roditelje, čime su dobijeni njihovi opšti podaci. Kod sve dece je izvršen stomatološki pregled, a zatečeno stanje zdravlja zuba uneseno je u posebne istraživačke kartone koji su bili u skladu sa preporukama Svetske zdravstvene organizacije. U model multivarijantne ordinalne logističke regresije bili su uključeni oni prediktori stepena zdravlja zuba koji su u modelima univarijantne ordinalne logističke regresije bili statistički značajni na nivou značajnosti od 0,05. Rezultati. Prema polnoj strukturi bilo je 49,6% dečaka i 50,4% devojčica. Zdrave zube imalo je 25 (21,4%), reverzibilne promene imalo je 19 (16,2%), dok je ireverzibilne promene na zubima imalo 73 (62,4%) dece. Kao najznačajniji prediktori pokazali su se konzumacija slatkiša, spavanje sa flašicom, 6 i više obroka dnevno, česta upotreba medicinskih sirupa, učestalost dnevnog pranja zuba, učestalost samostalnog pranja zuba, upotreba pasti bez fluora, izostanak profesionalne fluorizacije i disanje na usta. Zaključak. Istraživanje je doprinelo otkrivanju velikog broja prediktora nastanka karijesa. Kako bi se smanjio rizik od nastanka karijesa, neophodno je delovati u više sfera, što svakako zahteva planiranje i sprovođenje preventivnih stomatoloških programa.
Abstract
Background/Aim. Dental caries represents a health problem of all ages, but it is especially significant in the earliest age of children. Early childhood caries can develop immediately after the eruption of deciduous teeth, resulting in many complications, such as tooth extraction, which is reflected in the quality of life and health. Early childhood caries is influenced by a large number of predictors. Considering that the data on predictors for the development of deciduous teeth caries are scarce, the aim of this paper was to determine the prevalence of deciduous teeth caries and detect the predictors for the development of early childhood caries. Methods. Our survey included 117 children of both genders, aged 3 to 6 years, from the territory of Kosovska Mitrovica and Zvečan. All respondents, including children and parents, were surveyed, and thus general data was obtained. A dental examination was performed on all children. The current state of dental health was inserted into special research cards that were in line with the recommendations of the World Health Organization. Those predictors of dental health level that were statistically significant in models of univariate ordinal logistic regression at the significance level of 0.05 were included in the model of multivariate ordinal logistic regression. Results. According to the full structure, there were 49.6% of boys and 50.4% of girls. Healthy teeth were present in 25 (21.4%) children, 19 had reversible changes (16.2%), while 73 (62.4%) children had irreversible carious changes on teeth. The most important detected predictors were sweets consummation, sleeping with a baby bottle, 6 and more meals per day, frequent usage of medical syrups, child's daily tooth-brushing frequency, child's independent tooth-brushing frequency, usage of non-fluoride toothpaste, a lack of professional fluoride application, and mouth breathing. Conclusion. This research contributed to the detection of a large number of predictors that are most important for the development of early childhood caries. In order to reduce the risk of caries development, it is necessary to act in more spheres. This certainly requires planning and implementing preventive dental programs.
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