2019, vol. 57, br. 7-9, str. 691-704
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(Radne) kooperative kao deo politike održivog ekonomskog razvoja i koncepta dostojanstva na radu
Workers ' cooperative as a part of sustainable economic and human development and concept of decent work
Institut društvenih nauka, Beograd, Srbija
Sažetak
U radu se analizira uloga i značaj savremenih (radnih) kooperativa, odnosno zadruga, a, naročito, specifičnost radnopravnog statusa zadrugara, u kontekstu osnovnih elemenata, tj. obeležja radnog odnosa. Posebna pažnja posvećuje se sagledavanju odnosa radnih kooperativa i socijalnih preduzeća, a sa aspekta profesionalne integracije i uključivanja teže zapošljivih kategorija radnika. Ovo, naročito, u okvirima globalne politike održivog ekonomskog razvoja i primene koncepta dostojanstva na radu. Utvrđeno je da su savremena obeležja radnog odnosa, osim primene principa subordinacije, svojstvena i radu u zadrugama, s tim da elementi radnog odnosa karakteristični za socijalističko radno pravo i koncept udruženog rada u velikoj meri odgovaraju koncepciji radnog odnosa u savremenim kooperativama, međunarodnog, uporednog i domaćeg prava. Osim toga, ciljevi poslovanja socijalnih preduzeća i kooperativa se, u velikoj meri, podudaraju zbog čega, shodno rešenjima iz uporednog prava, socijalna preduzeća mogu da se osnivaju i u formi zadruga. Isto rešenje treba primeniti i u pravu Srbije.
Abstract
The paper aims to analyze the role and significance of contemporary workers' cooperative, particularly the specificity of labour law status of their members, accounting for the basic elements of labour relation. Besides, the paper focuses on the legal issues related to the mutual relationship between workers' cooperative and social enterprise. The aspect of the inclusive role of both legal forms regarding professional integration and social inclusion of marginalized and vulnerable workers are considered, as a part of global sustainable economic development and decent work agenda. The conclusion of the research could be divided into the following points: (1) the basic elements of contemporary labour relation except the subordination principle could be implemented in the workers' cooperative but the elements of socialist labour law theory within the concept of joint work would find a better place regarding labour status of the workers cooperative members in the contemporary international, comparative and domestic law; (2) the goals of workers cooperative and social enterprise could be interpreted as equal, taking into account the solutions from comparative law, whereas social enterprise could be established in a legal form of cooperative as well. The proposed measures presented in the paper should be implemented in the Serbian legislation.
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