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2009, vol. 25, iss. 5-6-2, pp. 1225-1231
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Effects of growth stage on the mineral concentrations in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) leaf, stem and the whole plant
Uticaj faze razvića na koncentraciju mineralnih elemenata u listu, stablu i celoj biljci lucerke (Medicago sativa L.)
Project: Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 20048
Abstract
The proper balance of protein, energy, vitamins and all nutritionally-important minerals is needed to make a nutrition program successful. Nutrient balance is the key to any effective nutrition program. Mineral concentrations in forages vary much more than do protein and energy concentration. In general, alfalfa leaves were higher in nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, copper, zinc, iron and manganese than alfalfa stem and whole plant. In contrast, stem of alfalfa tended to be higher in potassium than leaf of alfalfa. Forage mineral concentration was affected by maturity. Generally, there was a rapid uptake of mineral during early growth and gradual dilution as the plant matured. Nitrogen, potassium, magnesium, iron, copper, zinc and manganese are the most common minerals affected by plant maturity. Phosphorus and calcium concentrations increased with growth and development in both anatomical fractions as well as in whole plant. This experiment was conducted to determine the mineral composition of alfalfa (cv K-28) leaf, stem and whole plant during growth and development.
Sažetak
Pravilna izbalansiranost proteina, energije, vitamina i za ishranu važnih minerala neophodan su uslov za sprovođenje adekvatne ishrane. Izbalansiranost hranljivih materija jeste osnova pravilne ishrane. Koncentracije mineralnih elemenata u kabastim hranivima variraju više od proteina i energijom bogatih supstanci. Generalno, list lucerke sadrži veću koncentraciju azota, fosfora, kalcijuma, magnezijuma, bakra, cinka, gvožđa i mangana, nego stablo i cela biljka. Suprotno ovome, stablo sadrži veću količinu kalijuma nego list lucerke. Koncentracija mineralnih elemenata u lucerki zavisi od faze razvića. Usvajanje mineralnih elemenata tokom ranih faza razvića je intenzivno, i smanjuje se sa napredovanjem faze razvića. Koncentracija fosfora i kalcijuma se povećava sa rastom i razvićem u listu, stablu i celoj biljci lucerke, dok je koncentracija azota, kalijuma, magnezijuma, gvožđa, bakra cinka i mangana usko povezana sa napredovanjem faze razvića. Ova istraživanja su sprovedena da bi se odredile koncentracije mineralnih elemenata u listu, stablu i celoj biljci lucerke, cv K-28, tokom rasta i razvića.
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