- citati u SCIndeksu: 0
- citati u CrossRef-u:0
- citati u Google Scholaru:[
]
- posete u poslednjih 30 dana:19
- preuzimanja u poslednjih 30 dana:7
|
|
2019, vol. 53, br. 4, str. 1553-1583
|
Kako protov stigme i autostigme osoba s dijagnozom psihoze? Prikaz tretmana psihotičnih poremećaja u dva društvena konteksta
How to fight against stigma and auto-stigma of persons diagnosed with psychosis?: Presentation of the treatment of psychotic disorders in two social contexts
Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet političkih nauka, Odeljenje za socijalnu politiku i socijalni rad, Srbija
e-adresa: jasnapsi@gmail.com
Sažetak
U ovom radu, bavimo se prikazom mogućnosti primene psihodramske metode u radu sa stigmatizovanom grupom osoba sa psihotičnim poremećajem. I pored brojnih dostignuća u oblasti faramcije i psihoterapije, istina je da u zapadnom svetu i danas opstaje izrazita stigma i diskriminacija psihijatrijskih pacijenata. Naše istraživačko pitanje bilo je da li ishod može biti drugačiji, ukoliko se tretman obolelih izvodi na način različit od onog koji je uobičajen u zapadnoj psihijatrijskoj praksi? Da bismo odgovorili na ovo pitanje, opisali smo način tretiranja i ishode lečenja obolelih od psihoza u Africi, a potom smo prikazali na koji način se u psihodrami postiže smanjenje stigme i autostigme. Teorijska osnova za to je Morenova teorija uloga kao i različita teorijska stanovišta o mogućnostima psihoterapije psihoza. Pokazalo se da je ovaj tretman izvođen u "koracima" vodi učenju novih i adekvatnijih obrazaca ponašanja, sticanju do tada nepraktikovanih socijalnih uloga i konačno porastu samopoštovanja, slično kao i afrička psihoterapija. Konačan ishod i jednog i drugoh pristupa koji međusobno nalikuju po ritualima koje koriste i dozvolama koje daju pacijentima da budu autentični u svojoj bolesti - bez nametanja "normalnosti" sa ekspertskih pozicija, nizak su nivo relapsa, visoka socijalna funkcionalnost te niska samostigmatizacija. Može se zaključiti da se kroz sagledavanje značaja socijalno-psiholoških, socioloških ali i socio-kulturoloških aspekata mentalnih poremećaja u značajnoj meri može doprineti smanjenju diskriminacije i stigmatizacije mentalno obolelih ljudi.
Abstract
In this paper, we discuss the possibility of applying the psychodrama method in dealing with the stigmatized group of people with psychotic disorders. Despite many advances in pharmacy and psychotherapy, it is true that in the Western world there is still a marked stigma and discrimination against psychiatric patients. Our research question was whether the outcome could be different if the treatment of patients was performed in a manner different from that which is common in Western psychiatric practice? To answer this question, we describe the treatment and treatment outcomes for psychosis patients in Africa, and then outline how to reduce stigma and auto-stigma through psychodrama. The theoretical basis for this is Moreno's theory of roles as well as various theoretical views on the possibilities of the psychotherapy of psychoses. This "step-by-step" treatment has been shown to lead to learning new and more appropriate patterns of behavior, acquiring previously unpracticed social roles, and ultimately to increasing self-esteem, much like African psychotherapy. The final outcome of both approaches is similar to each other by the rituals they use and the permissions they give to patients to be authentic in their illness-without imposing "normality" from expert positions, low relapse rates, high social functionality and low self-stigma. It can be concluded that by considering the importance of social-psychological, sociological as well as socio-cultural aspects of mental disorders, it can significantly contribute to reducing discrimination and stigmatization of mentally ill people.
|
|
|
Reference
|
|
Bauman, A.E. (2007) Stigmatization, social distance and exclusion because of mental illness: The individual with mental illness as a 'stranger'. International Review of Psychiatry, 19(2): 131-135
|
|
Biksegn, A., Alem, E., Tenaw, Y. (2018) Internalized stigma among patients with mental illness attending psychiatric follow-up at Dilla University referral hospital, southern Ethiopia. Psychiatry Journal, Volume 2018; Article ID 1987581
|
|
Bion, W.R. (1961) Experience in groups. London: Tavistock Publications
|
|
Bionw, R. (1962) Theory of thinking. Inter. Journ. of Psyhoanaly, 43, 306-310
|
1
|
Blatner, A. (2000) Foundations of psychodrama. NY: Springer Publishing
|
|
Blatner, A. (2007) Morenian approaches: Recognizing psychodrama's many facets. Available at https://www.fepto.com/publications-projects/articles/morenian-approaches-byadam-blatner
|
|
Buber, M. (1967) You and me. Beograd: Vuk Karadzić, [In Serbian]
|
|
Buizza, C., Schulze, B., Bertocchi, E., Rossi, G., Ghilardi, A., Pioli, R. (2007) The stigma of schizophrenia from patients' and relatives' view: A pilot study in an Italian rehabilitation residential care unit. Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health, 3, 23. Available at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/ PMC2173890
|
|
Corbière, M., Samson, E., Villotti, P., Pelletier, J.F. (2012) Strategies to fight stigma toward people with mental disorders: Perspectives from different stakeholders. Scientific World Journal, Vol. 2012; Article ID 516358
|
|
Đuric, Z., Veljković, J., Tomić, M. (2004) Psychodrama. Zagreb: Alinea, [In Croatian]
|
|
Federn, P. (1943) Ego-psychology and the psychoses. New York: Basic Books
|
2
|
Foucault, M. (1975) Madness and civilization: A history of insanity in the age of reason. NY: Vintage
|
|
Freud, S. (2003) Rat man. Beograd: Čigoja štampa, [In Serbian]
|
|
Goffman, E. (2009) Stigma: Notes on the menagement of spoiled identity. Novi Sad: Mediteran Publishing, [In Serbian]
|
|
Jones, M. (1953) The therapeutic community: A new treatment method in psychiatry. New York: Basic Books
|
|
Kecmanović, D. (1989) Sociology and psychiatry. u: Kecmanović D. [ur.] Psychiatry, Beograd-Zagreb: Medicinska knjiga, 1st part, 394-408.; [In Serbo-Croatian]
|
|
Klein, M. (1950) Contribution to psychoanalysis 1921-1945. London: The Hogarth Press LTD
|
|
Klein, M. (1975) Notes of some schizoid mechanisms. u: Klein M. [ur.] Envy and Gratitute, London: Hogarth Press, 2nd.ed; 236-248
|
|
Krueger, R. (2011) Why learning to play is important: An up-to-date 'disoder -specific psychotherapy' for people with psychosis according to Moreno. (This was a lecture given on August 29, 2009, at the IAGP congress in Rome. Posted on Adam Blatner's website with the author's permission, 6/30/2011); Available at https://www.blatner. com/adam/pdntbk
|
|
Ljubičić, M., Dragišić, L.S., Nastasić, P. (2013) Student's attitudes on person suffering from psychological malfunctions: Addition to stereotype researche. Alcoholism, 49 (2), 85-100
|
|
Madu, S.N., Baguma, P.K., Pritz, A., Eds African traditional healing, psychoterapeutic investigations. Kampala, Uganda: Access Communications Ltd
|
|
Moreno, J.L. (1961) The role concept, a bridge between psychiatry and sociology. American Journal of Psychiatry, 18 (6), 518-523
|
|
Moreno, J.L. (1945) Psychodramatic treatment of psychoses. NY: Beacon House
|
2
|
Moreno, J.L. (1972) Psychodrama. NY: Beacon House, vol. 1
|
|
Moreno, J.L. (1975) Psychodrama: Foundations of psychotherpy. NY: Beacon House, Vol 2. 2nd ed
|
|
Moreno, J.L. (1977) Who shall survive?: Foundations of sociometry, group psychotherapy, and sociodrama. NY: Beacon House
|
|
Moreno, J.L. (1971) Words of the father. New York: Beacon House
|
|
Moss, R.H. (1982) Copping with acute crisis. u: Million J.; Green C.; Meagher R. [ur.] Handbook of Clinical Health, New York: Plenum
|
|
Ogden, T. (1992) Projective identification and psychotherapeutic technique. London: Maresfield Library
|
|
Rosenfeld, H. (1965) Psychotic states: A psychoanalytic approach. London: The Hogarth Press
|
1
|
Stuart, H. (2004) Stigma and work. Healthcare Papers, 5 (2), 100-111
|
1
|
Sullivan, H.S. (1974) Schizophrenia as a human process. New York: N.N.Norton
|
|
Štajnert,, Kondić, K., Vlajković, J. (1998) I listen to you, understand you, accept you: Non-diredtive psychotherapy of Carl Rogres. Beograd: I.P.Žarko Albulj, [In Serbian]
|
|
Štrkalj-Ivezić, S., Jendričkot,, Pisk, Z., Martić-Biočina, S. (2014) Therapeutic community. Soc. psihijat, 42 (3), 172 -179; [In Croatian]
|
|
Veljković, J., Đurić, Z. (1997) Application of psychodrama in a work with psychoticpatients. Engrami, 19, (1-2), 95-103; [In Serbian]
|
|
Veljković, J. (2007) Psychodrama as an integrative approach in improving the life quality in psychotic disorders and populations at risk. Beograd: Institut za multidisciplinarne studije Univerziteta u Beogradu, Doctoral dissertation; [In Serbian]
|
2
|
Veljković, J. (2014) Psychodrama changes. Beograd: Zadužbina Andrejević, [In Serbian]
|
1
|
Veljković, J. (2018) Through the labyrinth of psychodrama. Beograd: Centar za primenjenu psihologiju
|
|
Veljković, J. (2015) Application of psychodrama in integration of self in adolescents. Sociologija, vol. 57, br. 2, str. 314-330
|
|
|
|