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2011, vol. 27, br. 4, str. 1649-1658
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Uticaj linije i uzrasti na neke parametre kvaliteta jaja komercijalnih koka nosilja
The influence of strain and age on some egg quality parameters of commercial laying hens
aInstitute of Animal Science, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, Skopje, Macedonia bFaculty of Agricultural Sciences and Food, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, Skopje, Macedonia cFaculty of Agriculture, Goce Delcev University, Stip, Macedonia
e-adresa: dragoslav.kocevski@yahoo.com
Sažetak
Ogled je izveden radi procenjivanja uticaja faktora linije i uzrasta na neke parametre kvaliteta jaja (težina jaja i tvrdoća ljuske jaja) kod komercijalnih nosilja. Bile su istestirane nosilje linije ISA Brown i DeKalb White u periodu od devet meseci. Obe linije su bile istog uzrasta (28 nedelja), smeštene u zajednički objekat u konvencionalnim baterijskim kavezima. Nosilje su odgajane i hranjene po standardnim tehnološkim normativima. Jednom mesečno skupljana su 25 jaja po liniji radi ispitivanja težine jaja i snage jajčane ljuske ili ukupno testirana su 450 jaja za konzum. Analize su izvršene u laboratoriji za ispitivanje kvaliteta jaja, a koristili su se aparati Egg Multi Tester EMT 5200 i Egg shell Gauge (Robotmation Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) sa kompjuterskim računarom za ocenu kvalitativnih fizičkih osobina jaja. Statistička obrada podataka vršila se pomoću kompjuterskog podprograma ANOVA, dok je testiranje signifikantnosti rezultata izvedeno Fisherovim LSD testom. Osim toga, utvrđene su i korelacije između ispitivanih faktora. Masa jaja je bila pod značajnim uticajem (P ≤ 0,05) uzrasta, ali ne i pod uticajem linije (genotipa), iako su jaja linije ISA Brown bila nešto teža od onih linije DeKalb White. Jaja su imala najveću masu kod starije živine, dok su najmanju imala kod mlađih nosilja. Rezultati su pokazali značajne razlike (P ≤ 0,05) u snazi ljuske, u odnosu na uticaj linije i meseca (uzrasta) testiranja. Jaja nosilja ISA Brown bila su značajno tvrđa u odnosu na jaja DeKalb White nosilja. Što se tiče uzrasta, on je uticao statistički značajno kod obe linije, s tim što je jačina ljuske bila vidljivo smanjena kod starijih ptica u odnosu na ostale. Korelacije između mase jaja i jačine ljuske jaja imale su značajno negativnu vrednost (P < 0,05), što je potvrdilo tezu da se sa povećanjem mase jaja smanjuje jačina ljuske.
Abstract
The experiment was conducted to evaluate the influence of strain and age on some egg quality parameters (egg weight and egg shell strength) of commercial laying hens. Layers of lines ISA Brown and DeKalb White were examined in period of nine months. Both lines were at same age (28 weeks) and were confined in common facility in battery cages. Laying hens were reared and fed according to standard breeding technology. Once a month 25 eggs of each line were taken to be examined for eggshell strength and egg weight, or in other words, total 450 table eggs were tested. Analises were done in Laboratory for testing egg quality by gaudges Egg Multi Tester EMT 5200 and Egg shell Gauge (Robotmation Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) which have computerised equipment to examine quality and physical characteristics of eggs. Statistic analyses on results were done by computer sub-programme ANOVA and Fisher's LSD test to determine the level of statistical significant difference between examined factors. Egg weight was under significant impact of age (P ≤ 0,05), but not under the influence of strain, although eggs of ISA Brown line were insignificantly heavier than eggs of DeKalb White line. Eggs were heaviest at layers with older age, while they were lightest at younger birds. The results have shown significant differences (P ≤ 0,05) in eggshell strength compared to line influence (genotype) and months of age. Eggs from ISA Brown laying hens had much better and eggshell strength than those eggs from DeKalb White. Correlations between eggshell strength and egg weight were with significant (R < 0,05) negative value, which indicating that with increasing egg weight decreases of eggshell strength.
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