2022, vol. 73, br. 4, str. 66-72
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Izokrenuta učionica - novi pristup učenju za studente medicine
Flipped classroom: The novel learning environment for medical students
aUniverzitet u Beogradu, Medicinski fakultet, Srbija bUniverzitet u Beogradu, Medicinski fakultet, Institut za medicinsku statistiku i informatiku, Srbija
e-adresa: nina94rajovic@gmail.com
Sažetak
Uvod: Pandemija izazvana koronavirusom inicirala je razvoj i implementaciju digitalnih tehnologija u obrazovnom procesu svih nivoa edukacije. S obzirom na to da je nastava u vanrednim uslovima bila neprihvatljiva, obrazovne institucije bile su prinuđene da uvedu kombinovani sistem nastave ili isključivo digitalnu komunikaciju sa studentima. U cilju postizanja visokokvalitetne edukacije "na daljinu", uveden je metod "izokrenute učionice", kako za studente, tako i za nastavni kadar. "Izokrenuta učionica" predstavlja tip kombinovanog učenja koji ima za cilj da poveća angažovanje učenika na dva načina, najpre pripremom materijala za proces učenja kod kuće i rešavanjem problema uživo tokom časa. Cilj: Cilj rada je procena aktuelnih stavova i percepcije studenata medicine o novouvedenom metodu učenja - "izokrenutoj učionici". Materijal i metode: Sprovedena je studija preseka među studentima na Medicinskom fakultetu Univerziteta u Beogradu tokom januara 2022. godine korišćenjem onlajn upitnika. Upitnik korišćen u ovoj studiji sastojao se od 34 pitanja i bio je podeljen na šest glavnih sekcija: demografske podatke, opšte stavove, komunikaciju, nezavisnost u učenju, pripremljenost i motivaciju, kreativno razmišljanje i timski rad. Rezultati: U istraživanje je uključeno ukupno 60 studenata Medicinskog fakulteta Univerziteta u Beogradu. Više od polovine učenika bilo je ženskog pola (75,0%), prosečne starosti 23,48 ± 1,53 godine. Većina ispitanika su bili studenti pete i šeste godine. Rezultati ove studije pokazuju da postoje značajne razlike u percepciji studenata prema izokrenutoj učionici kao novom metodu učenja prema polu i starosti. Učenici ženskog pola i mlađi učenici imali su pozitivnije stavove prema izokrenutoj učionici od učenika muškog pola i starijih učenika. Zaključak: Metod učenja po tipu izokrenute učionice odgovara zahtevima studenata medicine, razvijajući njihove veštine rešavanja problema i apstraktno razmišljanje. Imajući u vidu da su mlađi učenici imali pozitivne percepcije i stavove prema metodi učenja po tipu izokrenute učionice, kreatori kurikuluma i nastavni kadar trebalo bi da prilagode nastavu i strategije nastavnih metoda kako bi pomogli studentima da ostvare svoj puni akademski potencijal.
Abstract
Introduction: The ongoing pandemic caused by Coronavirus has strongly initiated digital developments and closed in-person classes in higher education. In order to achieve remote high-quality online delivery, the learning method "flipped classroom" has been introduced to both students and teachers. The flipped classroom represents a type of blended learning aiming to increase students' engagement by preparing materials for learning at home and having faceto-face problem-solving during class time. Aim: To assess attitudes and perceptions of medical undergraduate students toward flipped classroom method of learning. Material and methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted among undergraduate students attending Faculty of Medicine University of Belgrade during January 2022, using online questionnaire. The questionnaire used in this study consisted of 34 questions and was divided among six main sections: demographics, overall attitudes, communication, independence in learning, preparedness and motivation, and creative thinking and collaborative work. Results: A total of 60 medical students were included in the study. Two thirds of the students were female (75,0%), with the mean age of 23,48 ± 1,53 years. Most of the respondents were fifthand sixth-year students. The results of this study revealed that significant differences in perceptions of the students toward flipped classroom method of learning between gender and age group were found. Female and younger students had more positive attitudes toward flipped classroom than male and older students. Conclusion: Flipped classroom method of learning suits the demands of medical students at a university level, advancing their problem-solving skills and higher-order thinking. Bearing in mind that younger students had positive perceptions and attitudes toward flipped classroom method of learning, curriculum designers and educators should adjust the lessons and teaching methods strategies to students' preferences in order to help them to gain their full academic potential.
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