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2022, vol. 6, br. 10, str. 11-16
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Karcinom dojke-procena zdravstvene pismenosti u populaciji studenata
Breast cancer-assessment of health literacy in the student population abstract
Sažetak
Uvod: Rak dojke ostaje dilema javnog zdravlja širom sveta i trenutno je najčeši tumor na svetu. Svest o raku dojke, pažnja javnosti i napredak u imidžingu dojke pozitivno su uticali na prepoznavanje i skrining raka dojke. Rak dojke je po život opasna bolest i vodei uzrok smrtnosti među ženskom populacijom. Tokom prethodne dve decenije, studije u vezi sa rakom dojke vodile su do zapanjujueg napretka u našem razumevanju raka dojke, što je rezultiralo daljim stručnim tretmanima. Među svim malignim bolestima, rak dojke se smatra jednim od vodeih uzroka smrti žena u postmenopauzi i čini 23% svih smrtnih slučajeva od raka. Cilj rada: Ovo istraživanje je imalo za cilj procenu zdravstvene pismenosti kod studenata Visoke zdravstvene škole strukovnih studija Beograd sa fokusom na karcinom dojke. Metod rada: Studijom preseka, anketiranje je sprovedeno u populaciji studenata ženskog pola. Anketiranje je sprovedeno na slučajnom uzorku N-100. Korišćen je namenski kreiran upitnik, koji je dobijen doradom Upitnika za procenu zdravstvene pismenosti u populaciji studenata. Rezultati: Na osnovu podataka 55% ispitanica smatra da su pod povećanim rizikom za oboljevanje žene u životnom dobu od 40 do 50 godina, 23% smatra da je rizik najveći od 30 do 40 godine, 21% preko 50 godina, a samo 1 ispitanica je dala odgovor da je rizik za nastanak karcinoma dojke od 20 do 30 godina. Na pitanje da li osoba može imati karcinom dojke bez ikakvih tegoba, 81% ispitanica je odgovorilo potvrdno, 12% da nije sigurna, a 6% ispitanica je odgovorilo sa odgovorom ne. Zaključak: Zdravstvena pismenost studenata je važna jer predstavlja kapacitet da se prime, razumeju i interpretiraju informacije i usluge u vezi zdravlja, zdravstvenim osiguranjem i lečenjem, kako bi se moglo upravljati sopstvenim potrebama u zdravstvenom sistemu. Procena nivoa zdravstvene pismenosti studenata u vezi sa znanjem i razumevanjem informacija navedenih da je karcinom dojke jedan od najčešćih vrsta karcinoma, pokazuje da velika većina ispitanica (80%) ima adekvatan nivo pismenosti.
Abstract
Introduction: Breast cancer remains as public health dilemma worldwide and is currently the most common tumor in the world. Breast cancer awareness, public attention, and advances in breast imaging have had a positive impact on breast cancer recognition and screening. Breast cancer is a life-threatening disease in women and the leading cause of death among the female population. Over the past two decades, studies on breast cancer have led to astonishing advances in our understanding of breast cancer, resulting in further professional treatments. Among all malignant diseases, breast cancer is considered one of the leading causes of death in postmenopausal women and accounts for 23% of all cancer deaths. Objective: This research aimed to assess the health literacy of students of the Higher School of Vocational Studies in Belgrade with a focus on breast cancer Method: The cross-section survey was conducted in the population of female students. The survey was conducted on a random sample N-100. A purpose-built questionnaire was used, which was obtained by refining the Questionnaire for the assessment of health literacy in the student population. Results: Based on data from 55% of respondents, when asked which age group is at increased risk for breast cancer, answered that is 40 to 50 years, 23% that the risk is 30 to 40 years, 21 % over 50 years, and only 1 respondent answered that the major risk of developing breast cancer is form 20 to 30 years. When asked if a person can have breast cancer without any problems, 81% of respondents answered yes, 12% that they are not sure and 6% of respondents answered no. Conclusion: Student health literacy is important because it represents the capacity to receive, understand and interpret information and services related to health, health insurance and treatment, in order to manage their own needs in the health system. Assessment of the level of health literacy of students in relation to the knowledge and understanding of information stated that breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer, shows that the vast majority of respondents (80%) have an adequate level of literacy.
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