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2020, vol. 57, br. 1, str. 14-21
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Potencijali izvoza uljarica iz Srbije
Serbia oil crops export potentials
Projekat: Razvoj novih sorti i poboljšanje tehnologija proizvodnje uljanih biljnih vrsta za različite namene (MPNTR - 31025)
Sažetak
Uljarice predstavljaju veoma značajan usev u svetu, ali i u Srbiji, a sa aspekta proizvodnje tri najznačajnije uljane kulture u Srbiji su suncokret, soja i uljana repica. Pored značajne proizvodnje semena uljarica, Srbija proizvodi i značajne količine ulja, zahvaljujući postojanju značajnih prerađivačkih kapaciteta. Imajući u vidu činjenicu da je tržište Srbije poslednjih nekoliko decenija okarakterisano integracijom sa međunarodnim tržištem, te da je aktuelna liberalizacija tržišta sa EU, CEFTA zemljama, Rusijom i drugim zemljama, u radu su analizirani proizvodnja i izvoz uljarica, sa posebnim akcentom na komparativne prednosti u izvozu uljarica upotrebom metoda oktrivenih komparativnih prednosti, a sagledan je i nivo intra-industrijske razmene u odnosu na svet, zemlje članice EU kao i zemlje članice CEFTA sporazuma. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da značajnije komparativne prednosti na međunarodnom tržištu ostvaruju ulja, u okviru kojih se izdvaja suncokretovo ulje.
Abstract
Oil crops are very significant, both in the world and in Serbia. In terms of production, the three most important oil crops in Serbia are sunflower, soybean and rapeseed. Beside significant oil crops production, substantial quantities of oil are produced as well due to significant processing capacities in Serbia. Considering the fact that over the last few decades Serbian market has been characterized by integration with the international market and considering the actual market liberalization with the EU, CEFTA countries, Russia and others, this paper analyses production and export of oil crops with special emphasis on comparative advantages in the export of oil crops using the method of revealed comparative advantage. Also, the level of intra-industry trade is considered in relation to the international market, EU and CEFTA countries. The results indicate that oils have more significant comparative advantage on the international market, especially sunflower oil.
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