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2023, vol. 48, br. 1, str. 79-86
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Optimizacija performansi sile vuče i zahtevaza snagu neke opreme u obradi ilovastog zemljišta - pristup prema osobinama površine zemljišta
Performance optimization of draft and power requirement for some tillage implements ina loamy soil: A response surface approach
University of Uyo, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Agricultural and Food Engineering, Uyo, Nigeria
e-adresa: okokokizito@gmail.com
Sažetak
Obrada zemljišta je osnovna radna operacija u poljoprivredi i njene energetske potrebe predstavljaju značajan deo energije koja se koristi u biljnoj proizvodnji. Eksperimentalni podaci na terenu su optimizovani korišćenjem metode centralnog rotabilnog kompozitnog dizajna sa karakteristikama osobina površine zemljišta (ilovasti tip) za potrebnu silu vuče i snagu za: diskosni plug sa tri radna tela, kultivator sa opružnim motičicama i disk (offset) tanjiraču na ilovastom tipu zemljišta. Optimalna sila vuče za diskosni plug sa tri (3) radna tela, kultivator sa opružnim tipom motičica i disk tanjiraču na ilovastom tipu zemljišta iznosio je 2,80; 0,20 i 1,82 kN, respektivno, dok su optimalni zahtevi za snagom traktora za iste navedene mašine bili 3.99; 0,30 i 2,42 kW, respektivno. Optimalna dubina obrade zemljišta i brzina traktora za diskosni plug sa 3 radna tela (diska), kultivator sa oprugom i diskosnu (offset) tanjiraču iznose: 22,03 cm i 10,84 km/h, 14,07 cm i 10,80 km/h, 17,70 cm i 10,24 km/h, respektivno. Zbog toga je preporučljivo da se obrada zemljišta izvede sa specificiranim navedenim optimalnim vrednostima na lokaciji proučavanja kako bi se povećala efikasnost operacije obrade zemljišta.
Abstract
Tillage is the basic operation in agriculture and its energy requirements represent a considerable portion of the energy utilized in crop production. A field experimental data were optimized using central composite rotatable design of response surface method for draft and power requirement for 3-bottom disc plough, spring tine cultivator and offset disc harrow in a loamy soil. Optimum draft for 3-bottomdisc plough, spring tine cultivator and offset disc harrow on a loamy soil were 2.80; 0.20 and 1.82kN, respectively while optimum power requirements for 3-bottom disc plough, spring tine cultivator and offset disc harrow were 3.93; 0.30 and 2.42 kW, respectively. Optimum tillage depth and tractor speed for 3-bottom disc plough, spring tine cultivator and offset disc harrow were 22.03 cm and 10.84 km/hr, 14.07 cm and 10.80 km/hr, 17.70 cm and 10.24 km/hr, respectively. It is therefore recommended that tillage operation should be carried out at the specified optimum values at the study location in order to increase the efficiency of the operation.
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