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2022, vol. 51, iss. 1, pp. 39-56
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Epidemiological characteristics of salmonellosis in the population of Belgrade for the period 1994-2013
Epidemiološke karakteristike salmoneloza u populaciji Beograda za period 1994-2013. godine
aUniversity of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Epidemiology bInstitute of Public Health of Serbia 'dr Milan Jovanović-Batut', Belgrade cUniversity of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Hygiene and Medical Ecology
email: jadranka.maksimovic@med.bg.ac.rs
Project: Epidemiological investigations of risk factors for selected diseases (MESTD - 175042)
Abstract
Background/Aim: The registered salmonella cases are estimated to constitute 1-10% of the real frequency of this disease. The aim of the research was to analyze epidemiological salmonella characteristics in Belgrade population for the period 1994-2013. Methods: The data on the number of salmonella cases regarding gender, age and municipalities for the given period were taken from the City Institute of Public Health in Belgrade and used to calculate crude, age-specific and standardized incidence rates were used. For estimating the incidence trend joinpoint regression analysis was used. Results: In the given 20-year period there were 12,452 salmonellosis cases, and female infected persons were more present (53.5%) than males (46.5%). In both sexes, the highest average age-specific rates were found in age group 0-4, and the lowest for people age 70 and older. According to joinpoint regression analysis there is a significant incidence decline in men from the age group 15-19 and further on, while in women that decline starts with the age group 10-14. The average standardized salmonellosis incidence rate (per 100,000) was 61.6 (61.7 for men and 61.4 for women). The most frequent Salmonella serotypes isolated from human material were S. enteritidis (81.6%), S. typhimurium (7.7%) and S. infantis (2.6%). Conclusion: The decline in salmonellosis noticed in our study suggests better farming control, better control of meat production and turnover and application of hygienic and sanitary measures in these processes as well as the greater presence of the HACCP standard for the health safety of food in Belgrade.
Sažetak
Uvod/Cilj: Procenjuje se da prijavljeni slučajevi salmoneloze širom sveta predstavljaju samo 1-10% realne učestalosti ove bolesti. Cilj istraživanja je bio da se analiziraju epidemiološke karakteristike salmoneloza u populaciji Beograda za period od 1994. do 2013. godine. Metode: Podaci o broju obolelih od salmoneloza po polu, uzrastu i opštinama, za navedeni period su preuzeti iz Gradskog zavoda za javno zdravlje Beograd i računate su opšte, uzrasno-specifične i standardizovane stope incidencije. Za procenu trenda incidencije korišćena je joinpoint regresiona analiza. Rezultati: U posmatranom dvadesetogodišnjem periodu registrovana su 12.452 obolela od salmoneloza, a ženski pol je bio više zastupljen (53,5%) u odnosu na muški (46,5%). Kod oba pola najviše prosečne uzrasno-specifične stope incidencije za posmatrani period su bile u uzrasnoj grupi 0-4 godine, a najniže kod osoba starih 70 i više godina. Prema rezultatima joinpoint regresione analize kod muškaraca postoji značajan pad incidencije od uzrasne grupe 15-19 godina pa na dalje, a kod žena od uzrasne grupe 10-14 godina. U periodu od 1994. do 2013. godine, prosečna standardizovana stopa incidencije za salmoneloze (na 100.000) u populaciji Beograda bila je 61,6 (61,7 za muškarce i 61,4 za žene). Najčešći serotipovi salmonela izolovanih iz humanog materijala bili su S. enteritidis (81,6%), S. typhimurium (7,7%) i S. infantis (2,6%). Zaključak: Trend opadanja salmoneloza, zapažen u našoj studiji, govori o boljoj kontroli uzgoja na farmama, proizvodnje i prometa mesa i primeni higijensko-sanitarnih mera u ovim procesima i sve zastupljenijoj primeni HACCP standarda za zdravstvenu bezbednost hrane u Beogradu.
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