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2012, vol. 62, br. 1, str. 17-22
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Oštećenje diskova turbomlaznih motora u funkciji od cikličnih karakteristika materijala i vrste motorskog start-stop ciklusa
Damage of turbojet engine disks in a function of cyclic material properties and the type of engine start-stop cycle
aUniverzitet u Banjoj Luci, Mašinski fakultet, Republika Srpska, BiH bUniverzitet u Beogradu, Mašinski fakultet cCity Administration of City Belgrade, Secretariat for Utilities and Housing Services Water Management, Belgrade
Projekat: Dinamika hibridnih sistema složenih struktura. Mehanika materijala (MPNTR - 174001)
Sažetak
Oštećenje jednog diska turbomlaznog motora, dominantno izloženog centrifugalnim silama lopatica i sopstvenim centrifugalnim silama, razmatrano je u ovom radu. Pretpostavljeno je da će se za izradu diska koristiti čelik 13H11N2V2MF u isporučenom i termički obrađenom stanju. Jedna lopatica i kritična oblast diska, posmatrani su kao idealno elastična tela. Njihov naponski odziv, za maksimalnu učestalost obrtanja, određen je korišćenjem metoda konačnih elemenata. Ekvivalentni napon u kritičnoj tački diska doveden je u vezu sa ekvivalentnim naponom u odgovarajućoj tački diska kada je isti posmatran kao disk sveden na aksijalno simetričan problem. Na taj način je dobijen takozvani, ekvivalentni faktor koncentracije napona. Ovaj faktor je korišćen za definisanje Sonsino-Birger-ove krive, koja je u kombinaciji sa cikličnim naponsko-deformacionim i Masing-ovim krivima, korišćena za određivanje spektra realnih (elasto-plastičnih) amplituda deformacija u kritičnoj tački diska, za tri različita start-stop ciklusa. Spektar realnih amplituda deformacija, korišćen u tu svrhu, doveden je u vezu sa Morrow-ovim krivima malociklusnog zamora. Oba stanja gore pomenutog čelika poznatih cikličnih karakteristika, uzeta su u obzir.
Abstract
The damage of one turbojet engine disk, dominantly exposed to centrifugal forces of blades and its own centrifugal forces, was discussed in this paper. It was assumed that 23H11N2V2MF steel in delivered and heat treatment state would be used for disk manufacturing. One blade and a critical disk area were observed as separated ideal elastic bodies. Their stress response at maximum rotation frequency was determined using the finite element method. Equivalent stress at the critical point of disk was brought in relation to equivalent stress at the corresponding point of disk when observed as a bilks reduced to an axisymmetrical problem. The so-called equivalent stress concentration factor was thus obtained. This factor was used for defining Sonsino-Birger's curve which, in a combination with cyclic stress-strain and Masing's curves, was used for determining spectra of real (elastic-plastic) strain amplitudes at the disk critical point for three different start-stop cycles. These start-stop cycles, defined as blocks of rotation frequency, were decomposed at simple cycles. Spectra of real strain amplitudes, used for that purpose, were brought in relation to Morrow's curves of low cycle fatigue life. Both states of the above mentioned steel of known cyclic properties were taken into account.
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