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2022, vol. 47, br. 3, str. 87-100
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Proučavanje sečiva noževa rotacione kosačice i njihovi efekti na proizvodnju zelene mase
A study of rotary drum mower blade wear and its effects on forage productivity
Agricultural Engineering Research Institute, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
e-adresa: ebaily_m@yahoo.com
Ključne reči: kosačica sa bubnjem; habanje; mašina za sitnjenje stočne hrane
Keywords: Drum mower; wear; forage cutting machine
Sažetak
Egipatska detelina (Trifolium alexandrinum) je glavna i najstarija gajena zimska krmna leguminoza u Egiptu. Zauzima oko jedne trećine obradivih površina sa prosekom od 1,63 miliona fedana (feddan=4.200 m2 ), a procenjenim prinosom od oko 42,03 miliona tona zelene mase [7]. Poslednjih godina mašina za kondicioniranje zelene mase u Egiptu je kosačica sa vertikalnim rotacionim bubnjevima sa noževima, koja se uspešno koristi za košenje deteline. Srednji ciljevi trenutnog istraživanja su procenjeni na novim i istrošenim noževima kosačice postavljenih na vertikalne rotacione bubnjeve Takođe, proučen je uticaj novih i istrošenih rotacionih noževa na prinos zelene stočne hrane u lokalnim uslovima. Trenutno istraživanje sprovedeno u istraživačkoj stanici Sakha, Egipat u toku perioda 2016/2017. Kosačica je agregatirana na traktor i obavljeno je košenje egipatske deteline Berseem (tip Sacha-4) sa tri različita sadržaja vlage 65,4%, 57,3 i 46,2% (w.b.). Urađeno je drugo košenje deteline tipa Berseem (Trifolium alexandrinum). Rezultati su pokazali da je prosečna maksimalna vrednost prinosa iznosila 4,96 tona u poređenju sa 2,42 tone za Alfalfa sa sadržajem vlage od 56,3 %. Ovaj rezultat je pokazao da staro sečivo rotacionog noža zbog istrošenosti, habanja smanjuje produktivnost za 49,9%. Prosečna najveća vrednost potrošnje goriva iznosila je 23,04 L/fad za košenje deteline tipa Trifolium alexandrinum, u poređenju sa 15,4 L/fad za egipatsku detelinu Berseem (tip Sacha-4) sa sadržajem vlage 65,7 %. Rezultat ukazuje da staro sečivo ili nož ima manje vrednosti potrošnje goriva u L/Fed, kao i da staro sečivo ili nož zbog habanja smanjuje dobijenu snagu izlaznog vratila PTO. Prosečne vrednosti zahtevane snage traktora (KS) za košenje deteline bile su 28,83; 24,9 i 25,0 za stari nož pri 65,7 % sadržaju vlage, u poređenju sa 47,67; 39,8 i 38,27 za novo sečivo i sadržaj vlage 65.7 %, 57.3 % i 46.2 % respektivno.. Cilj ovog istraživanja je procena performansi novih i istrošenih noževa postavljenih na rotacione bubnjeve kosačice. Takođe, proučavan je uticaj novih i starih noževa na prinos zelene stočne hrane u lokalnim uslovima.
Abstract
Egyptian clover (Trifolium alexandrinum) is the main and oldest cultivated winter forage leguminous crop in Egypt. It occupies about one third of the cultivated area with average of 1.63 million Feddan (Feddan= 4200 m2 ). With an estimated productivity of about 42.03 million tons of green fodder [7]. In last years, the forage mower conditioner machine used in Egypt to cutting the Egyptian clover crops. The mean objectives of the current research were evaluated the new and wear blades attached in the rotary drum mower conditioner. As well as, study the effect of new and wear blades on the productivity of green fodder under local conditions. The current research carried out in the Sakha Research Station, Egypt during session 2016/2017. The drum mower conditioner was operated by tractor to cut the Berseem Egyptian clover forage crops (Sacha-4) at three different moisture content 65.4%, 57.3 and 46.2 % (d.b.) at second cutting of Berseem (Trifolium alexandrinum). The results indicated that, the average maximum value was 4.96 ton/fed compared with 2.42 ton / fed for Alfalfa moisture content 56.3 %. This result indicated that the wear old blade or wear knife may be going to reduce the productivity as 49.9%. The average maximum value of fuel consumption was 23.04 l/fad compared to 15.4 l/fed for Berseem Egyptian clover forage crops (Sacha-4) moisture content 65.7 %. This result indicated that the old blade or wear knife may be going consumed low values of fuel consumption per L/fed. This result indicated that the old blade or wear knife may be going reduce the PTO power. The average values of clover forage crops of power requirement were 28.83 hp, 24.9 hp, and 25.0 hp for old knife compared with 47.67 hp, 39.8 hp and 38.27 hp for new blade at 65.7 %, 57.3 % and 46.2 % moisture content respectively. The aim of the present research is evaluated the performance of new and wear blades attached in the rotary drum mower conditioner. As well as, study the effect of new and old blades on the productivity of green fodder under local conditions.
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