Alpaca domestication took place more than 6000 years ago. The Indians of Peru discerned the potential in these animals, tamed them and began to breed. In the past, alpacas were called the "Inca gold": they could provide people with all the necessary resources for living. People dressed in skins, ate meat, spun wool and made clothes, and used manure as fuel. An increase in the number of livestock on the Russian Alpaca and Capri farms favorably affects the further distribution of alpaca as a species in Russia. The possibility of recognition of alpaca as an agricultural animal will be the sale of wool, its processing, as well as the rejection of imported raw materials.