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2009, vol. 13, br. 3, str. 226-228
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Ambalaža između potrebe i ekoloških problema
Package as an ecological issue
Projekat: Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. TR-20008, TR-2037
Sažetak
Ambalaža je neizbežan pratilac prehrambenih proizvoda. Pravilno odabrana i upotrebljena, realizuje, sve svoje funkcije, od zaštitnih, skladišno-transportnih pa sve do informativnih. Savremene tehnologije su odgovorne za narušavanje ekološke ravnoteže u prirodi, sve većim zagađenjima različitog porekla, kao što su izduvni gasovi, otpadne vode, čvrst urbani otpad. U strukturi čvrstog otpada, značajno mesto zauzima i odbačena ambalaža. Osim pozitivnog uticaja na održivost upakovanih prehrambenih proizvoda, upotrebljena i odbačena ambalaža, predstavlja značajan ekološki problem. Kao što upakovani proizvod ima svoju održivost i rok trajanja, tako i ambalaža ima svoj životni ciklus. Životni ciklus ambalaže počinje proizvodnjom ambalažnih materijala i ambalaže, nastavlja se pakovanjem, odnosno pratilac je upakovanog proizvoda do upotrebe, a zatim nastavlja svoj životni ciklus kao odbačena ambalaža. U svim fazama svog životnog ciklusa, ambalaža ima uticaj na okolinu. U radu je dat pregled najčešće korištenih ambalažnih materijala za pakovanje prehrambenih proizvoda. Date su definicije i različiti pojmovi u vezi ekološkog statusa ambalažnih materijala. Takođe je razmatran životni ciklus ambalažnih materijala i dat je pregled mogućnosti postupaka sa odbačenom ambalažom.
Abstract
Package is a necessary part of food products. Appropriately chosen and used, package realizes all of its functions; protective, storage-transportation and informative. Modern technology is responsible for the environmental pollution. Regarding solid waste structure, significant place has been taken by disposed packaging materials. After use, package is usually disposed and, thus, represents a significant ecological problem. Like any other product, package also has its own life cycle. The life cycle of packing starts with production of packaging material and package itself, its use for packaging the product, and finally it ends with its disposal to the environment. Throughout the whole life cycle, package has been affecting environment. The aim of this paper is to review the most frequently used packaging materials used in food packaging. The definition and the terms which describe the ecological status of packaging materials have been provided. Also, the life cycle of packaging material has been presented, as well as the possible treatments of disposed packages.
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