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Razvojne smetnje dece mlađeg školskog uzrasta
Developmental disabilities of children in lower grades of elementary schools
Univerzitet u Beogradu, Defektološki fakultet, Srbija
Sažetak
Cilj ovog istraživanja je bio da utvrdimo distribuciju razvojnih smetnji kod dece mlađeg školskog uzrasta. Uzorak se sastoji od 345 ispitanika (172 dečaka i 173 devojčice) koji pohađaju drugi, treći i četvrti razred beogradskih osnovnih škola. Razvojne sposobnosti su procenjene primenom ACADIA testa, koga čini 13 suptestova. Nađeno je da 92 dece ima rezultate koji su za dve standardne devijacije niži od prosečnih vrednosti. Najteži zadaci za ovu grupu ispitanika su bili: vizuomotorna koordinacija, crtanje i crtanje po modelu. Među ovom decom nalazi se 56 (16,23%) ispitanika sa lošim nalazima na samo jednom suptestu, kao i 36 (10,43%) ispitanika sa lošim postignućima na dva ili više suptestova. Između ovih ispitanika i dece sa prosečnim postignućima na ACADIA testu nađena je visoka, statistički značajna razlika (p = 0.01).
Abstract
The objective of this research is to determine a distribution of developmental disabilities in lower classes of elementary schools. The sample includes 345 participants (172 boys and 173 girls), who attend the second, the third and the fourth grades of Belgrade primary schools. Developmental capabilities were assessed using ACADIA test, consisted of 13 subtests. It was found that 92 children had achievements, which were two Standard deviations lower than the average values. The most difficult tasks in this group were visuo-motor coordination, drawing, and object copying. Among these children, there were 56 (16,23%) participants with lower achievements in one subtest and 36 (10,43%) participants who didn't succeed to attain average results in two or more subtests. Statistically significant difference (p = 0.01) between the results of these two groups and a subset of participants with average results was also found.
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