|
Uticaj navodnjavanja na prinos nadzemne biomase i korena belog sleza (Althaea officinalis L.)
Effects of irrigation on yields of the aboveground biomass and roots of marshmallow (Althaea officinalis L.)
aInstitut za proučavanje lekovitog bilja 'Dr Josif Pančić', Beograd bInstitut za primenu nauke u poljoprivredi, Beograd
Sažetak
Ogled sa domaćom populacijom belog sleza-Vojvođanski postavljen je po modelu potpuno slučajnog blok sistema sa četiri ponavljanja tokom 2007. i 2008. godine u Arilju i Starčevu u uslovima suvog ratarenja i navodnjavanja. Veličina elementarne parcele bila je 10 m2. Međuredno rastojanje biljaka bilo je 50 cm, a rastojanje u redu 30 cm. Rasad belog sleza proizveden je u plasteniku, a na stalno mesto rasađen je u trećoj dekadi aprila. U uslovima navodnjavanja zalivanje je vršeno svakih petnaest dana tokom vegetacije po 20 l vode po m2. Ispitivan je prinos suve mase korena, broj bubrenja korena i prinos sveže nadzemne biomase belog sleza. Dobijeni rezultati obrađeni su analizom varijanse za trofaktorijalni ogled i ispitane su korelacione veze između proučavanih osobina. Na osnovu analize varijanse utvrđeno je da lokacije značajno (p<0.01) utiču na sve ispitivane osobine. Veći prinos suvog korena i broj bubrenja korena bio je u Arilju u odnosu na Starčevo, dok je prinos sveže nadzemne biomase belog sleza bio veći u Starčevu. Prinos suvog korena belog sleza bio je za nivo značajnosti (p<0.05) veći u 2007 godini u odnosu na 2008 godinu. Za osobinu broj bubrenja korena i prinos sveže nadzemne biomase nisu utvrđene značajne razlike u zavisnosti od ispitivanih godina. U uslovima navodnjavanja ostvaren je značajno (p<0.01) veći prinos suvog korena i sveže nadzemne biomase belog sleza u odnosu na suvo ratarenje. Broj bubrenja korena belog sleza bio je značajno (p<0.05) veći u suvom ratarenju u odnosu na navodnjavanje. Ustanovljena je jaka pozitivna (r = 0,81**) korelacija između prinosa suvog korena i prinosa sveže nadzemne biomase, slaba negativna korelacija (r = -0,48**) između prinosa suvog korena i broja bubrenja korena i srednja negativna korelacija (r = -0.59**) između prinosa sveže nadzemne biomase i broja bubrenja korena belog sleza.
Abstract
The four-replicates trial with the local marshmallow population Vojvođanski was set up according to the randomized complete-block design under conditions of dry land farming and irrigation in two locations (Arilje and Starčevo) during 2007 and 2008. The elementary plot size amounted to 10 m2. The inter-row distance was 50 cm, while the within-row plant distance was 30 cm. Marshmallow nursery plants were produced in the plastic-house and were replanted to the permanent growth place during the third decade of April. Under irrigation conditions, watering with 20 L water m-2 were done each 15 days during the growing period. The following traits of marshmallow were observed: root dry matter yield, number of root swellings and the fresh above ground biomass yield. Obtained results were processed by the 3-factorial analysis of variance. Correlations among studied traits were also observed. Based on the analysis of variance it was determined that locations significantly (p<0.01) affected all studied traits. Dry root yields and the number of root swellings were higher in Arilje than in Starčevo, while the yield of the fresh above ground biomass of marshmallow was higher in Starčevo. The marshmallow dry root yield at the level of significance (p<0.05) was higher in 2007 than in 2008. The differences in the number of root swellings and the fresh above ground biomass yields were not significant in dependence on the years of investigation. The yields of the dry root and the fresh above ground biomass of marshmallow were significantly (p<0.01) higher under conditions of irrigation than under conditions of dry land farming. On the other hand, the number of root swellings of marshmallow was significantly (p<0.05) higher under conditions of dry land farming than under irrigation. A strong positive (r = 0.81**) correlation was established between dry root yields and fresh above ground biomass yields. A week negative correlation (r = -0.48**) was determined between dry root yields and the number of root swellings, while a moderate negative correlation (r = -0.59**) was recorded between fresh above ground biomass yields and the number of root swellings of marshmallow.
|