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2009, br. 26, str. 243-265
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Upotreba kumstva na primeru kumovanja članova kraljevske porodice Karađorđević
The use of kinship through being godfather in the example of acting as godfather of the royal family Karadjordjević
nema
Projekat: Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 148020: Duhovne pojave i stvaralaštvo srpskog naroda na Kosovu i Metohiji od XV do XX veka
Sažetak
Kao jedan od široko rasprostranjenih vidova duhovnog, odnosno veštačkog srodstva kod srpskog stanovništva javlja se kumstvo. Ono je navodno sklopljeno pred višim silama, ili pred bogom kao svedokom, i kao takvo predstavlja određenu vrstu svetinje. Kum se doživljava kao duhovni patron deteta koje krsti, bračnog para koji venčava, veruje se da preko svojih vrlina zamišljenim, mističnim putem može da utiče na sreću deteta supružnika, porodice kojoj je kum, i u skladu sa tim smatra se da prema njemu treba negovati odnos najdubljeg poštovanja. S druge strane, osim 'duhovnog staranja', kumstvo ima i druge funkcije, one koje nisu očigledne, koje ce u određenoj meri i 'priželjkuju'. Cilj ovog rada jeste pokušaj da se posmatranjem posebnog primera, do kojeg se došlo na osnovu arhivske građe ukaže upravo na neke od funkcija kumstva koje se mogu javiti u pozadini onih funkcija koje deluju vidljivo na prvi pogled. U pitanju je primer kumovanja članova kraljevske porodice Karađorđević na krštenju deci rođenoj na Kosovu i Metohiji u periodu između dva svetska rata, čijom analizom rad zapravo pretenduje da pruži dodatni doprinos u sagledavanju upotrebe koju kumstvo u srpskoj kulturi kao pojava kroz istoriju ima.
Abstract
The topic of this paper is kinship through being godfather, which as per universally spread comprehension with Serbs represents the form of spiritual kinship, and the role which kinship through being godfather can accomplish below its phenomenological level. As the example of these roles taking into consideration is taken the acting as godfather of the members of royal family the Karađorđević during the baptism of children born in Kosovo and Metohija pursuant the details contained in the archive material. What the author reaches by his structural-functional analysis is the notice of the series of functions for which it can be said that acting as godfather has been performed. These functions are to be latent, not perceivable at first site and are to be demonstrated at two levels: at the level of broader social community and at the level of family of the child which has been baptised. At the level of broader social community the functions of acting as godfather of the family Karađorđević are as follows: reproductive, integrative (socially and spiritually), political; reproductive function is to be reflected in the spur of the birth-rate, integrative in the overcome of social and confessional differences in the society, and political in the affirmation of ruling dynasty and existent state establishment among citizens. At the level of family functions of acting as godfather are as follows: social, economic existential; the social one is to be noticed in the confirmation and emphasise of social credibility of the family, and economic and existential in the gain of some financial resources necessary for existence in non favorable life conditions. In accordance with the above mentioned, the author comes to the conclusion that based on the broadly accepted comprehension as per which the kinship through being godfather represents above all a spiritual relationship and the acting as godfather of the Karađorđević family has got the character of social ties establishment, which also has got its applicable value and as this fits to the concept of kinship through being godfather with Serbs, and within which the relationship of kinship through being godfather is treated as elevated, spiritual and notwithstanding, from the other side, that relationship is often found in the' service of the realization of some practical aims.
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