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Ratarstvo i povrtarstvo
2011, vol. 48, br. 1, str. 37-48
Značaj faze organogeneze formiranje klasića u biologiji prinosa ozimog dvoredog ječma
Pržulj Novo, Momčilović Vojislava ORCID
Naučni institut za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo, Novi Sad

e-adresa: novo.przulj@ifvcns.ns.ac.rs
Projekat:
Savremeno oplemenjivanje strnih žita za sadašnje i buduće potrebe (MPNTR - 31066)

Ključne reči: faza dvostrukog grebena; genotipske i fenotipske korelacije; ječam (Hordeum vulgare L); organogeneza
Sažetak
Biljke prolaze kroz tačno definisane faze razvića koje mogu biti predstavljene na osnovu promena koje se dešavaju na fenotipu biljke ili na osnovu promena u morfologiji apikalnog meristema. Diferencijacija apikalnog meristema odvija se kroz faze koje se nalaze u određenom hronološkom redosledu. U radu je analiziran značaj dužine formiranja primordija klasića faza dvostrukog grebena (DR) i njene genotipske i fenotipske povezanosti sa ostalim fazama razvića i komponentama prinosa. Tokom pet sezona (od 2002-2003. do 2006-2007) proučavano je razviće apikalnog meristema kod tri sorte ozimog dvoredog ječma Novosadski 525, Sonate i Monaco. DR faza je bila najkraća u sezonama kada su vladali povoljni vremenski uslovi tokom odvijanja ove faze, a najduža kada su uslovi bili nepovoljni, pre svega visoke temperature. Najkraći DR period imala je ranozrela sorta Novosadski 525, a najduži srednje rana sorta Sonate. Utvrđene su slične genotipske i fenotipske korelacije između dužine DR i dužine trajanja ostalih faza razvića i komponenti prinosa. Dužina DR perioda bila je u pozitivnoj korelaciji sa dužinom perioda formiranja primordija listova, a u negativnoj korelaciji sa ostalim fazama razvića, periodom nalivanja zrna, brojem listova i klasova i žetvenim indeksom. Formiranje primordija listova i klasića kao i razviće cvetova i klasića nalazi se pod najvećom kontrolom genotipa, gde je učešće varijanse sorte preko 80% i godine do 10%. Dobijeni rezultati mogu imati praktičan značaj u oplemenjivanju ozimog dvoredog ječma. Za potvrđivanje ovih rezultata neophodna su detaljnija istraživanja sa većim brojem sorti.
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O članku

jezik rada: srpski
vrsta rada: izvorni naučni članak
DOI: 10.5937/ratpov1101037P
objavljen u SCIndeksu: 10.05.2011.

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