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2019, vol. 36, br. 10-12, str. 15-28
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Specijalizacija sudija za rešavanje bračnih sporova
Specialization of judges for settlement of marriage disputes
Ključne reči: sukobi; spor povodom razvoda braka; specijalizacija sudija; porodični sudovi
Sažetak
Specijalizacija sudija i/ili specijalizovani sudovi, kao realna manifestacija modernih pravnih sistema, imaju različite oblike i mogu se pojaviti u vidu: specijalizovanog sudije koji se bavi ograničenom pravnom oblašću ili slučajevima koji se odnose na određenu činjeničnu situaciju u određenim oblastima (kao što je, na primer, porodično pravo), specijalizovanog veća na postojećim sudskim postupcima (npr. porodično veće) ili posebnim specijalnim postupcima (npr. porodični sudovi). Savremeno porodično pravo definiše sudiju za razvode kao posrednika, kontrolora i zaštitnika dečjih interesa, kao i ravnoteže interesa supružnika, čija je glavna uloga sporazumno i potpuno uređivanje posledica raskida braka i, u drugim slučajevima, rešavanje spora razvoda braka presudom na osnovu svih izvedenih dokaza. Ovako složena sudska uloga zahteva ne samo veoma duboko poznavanje pravne materije, već i multidisciplinarni pristup u rešavanju sporova i nameće potrebu za specijalizacijom u porodičnim stvarima, posebno kada je reč o slučajevima razvoda braka sa izraženim sukobom supružnika. Predmet ovog rada je analiza specijalizacije sudija u rešavanju slučajeva razvoda braka sa izraženim sukobom supružnika, uzimajući u obzir sve prednosti i mane specijalizacije sudija, tj. sudova po tom pitanju. Takođe, cilj rada je sagledavanje mogućnosti boljeg i efikasnijeg rada sudova Republike Srbije u ovoj oblasti, kao i mogućnosti specijalizacije sudija iz porodičnog prava ili osnivanje posebnih porodičnih sudova.
Abstract
The specialization of judges and/or specialized courts, as the reality of modern legal systems, take many forms: a specialized judge dealing with a limited legal area or cases relating to a particular factual situation in certain areas (such as, e.g. family law), specialized councils at existing courts (e.g. family council) or separate special courts (e.g. family courts). Modern family law defines a divorce judge as mediator, controller and protector of children's interests, as well as of the balance of interests of spouses, whose main role is the consensual and complete regulation of the consequences of the marriage dissolution and, in other cases, the resolution of the divorce dispute by judgement on merits based on all the evidence presented. Such a complex court role requires not only an in-depth knowledge of legal matter but also a multidisciplinary approach to dispute resolution and imposes a specialization requirement in family matters, especially when it comes to high-conflict divorce cases. The subject of this paper is an analysis of the specialization of judges in the resolution of a high-conflict divorce dispute, taking into account all the advantages and disadvantages of specialization of judges, i.e. courts in that matter. Also, the aim of the paper is to consider the possibilities of better and more efficient work of the courts of the Republic of Serbia in this field, as well as the possibilities of specialization of judges in family law or the establishment of special family courts.
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