Obrazovanje i građansko društvo
Education for a civil society
Sažetak
Demokratija pretpostavlja aktivno učešće građana svesnih svoje važnosti i odgovornih za svoje odluke. Moderno demokratsko društvo teško može funkcionisati 6ez razvijene građanske svesti. Najpouzdaniji način da se takvo učešće ljudi u demokratskim procesima osigura jeste sistem o6razovanja i vaspitanja. Dakle, demokratiju mogu razvijati samo ljudi uvereni u njenu opravdanost, ljudi koji znaju njen smisao i načine njenog ostvarivanja. Osnovni zadatak vaspitno-o6razovnog sistema je stvaranje odgovornih građana. Ipak, škola nema u tome ekskluzivnu i monopolnu ulogu. U tom poslu ima mesta za sve vrste institucija koje čine demokratsko društvo. Tu, pre svega, sem škole i celokupnog školskog sistema, mislimo na stranke, sindikate, verske ustanove kao i 6rojne nevladine organizacije, stručna društva i udruženja građanske i demokratske inicijative. Ipak, uloga škole i vaspitno-o6razovnog sistema je izuzetna. O6razovanje za život u građanskom društvu mora podrazumevati usvajanje njegovih vrednosti, ali neophodno je iz6eći da se to usvajanje svede na neargumentovano prisiljavanje. Svako takvo činjenje samo 6i štitilo neznanje i sprečavalo slo6odu iz6ora i vodilo u neznanje. To znači da i vaspitanje za demokratiju mora i samo 6iti demokratsko, slo6odno, 6ez straha prihvatano, a ne nametano. Demokratsko odlučivanje zavisi od raz6oritosti zaključivanja u kojem svi učestvuju ravnopravno. Svačiji glas se uvažava, ali ne vredi jednako, a odluka je izraz volje većine.
Abstract
Democracy presupposes an active participation of citizens who are conscious of their importance and responsible for their decisions. The contemporary democratic society can hardly function without a developed civic consciousness. There are no other, more reliable ways, to ensure such participation of people in the democratic processes than the system of education and upbringing. Therefore, democracy can be developed only by people who are convinced of its validity, who are familiar with its meaning and the modalities of its implementation. The main task of the educational system is to create average and responsible citizens. Without a doubt, the school does not possess an exclusive and monopolistic role in this matter. In this field, there is room for a variety of institutions that comprise a democratic society. Here, first of all, we consider political parties, syndicates, the church, as well as numerous non-governmental organizations, professional associations, and civil and democratic initiatives. Still, the role of the school and its educational system is indispensable. Education for life in a civil society must involve the adoption of its values. However, at the same time, reducing this adoption to unfounded coercion must be avoided. Certainly, such an action would only protect ignorance and hinder the freedom of choice, thus leading to more ignorance. This means that education for democracy must be democratic itself, it must be free, accepted without fear, and not imposed. Democratic decision-making depends on the reasonableness of conclusions in which everybody participates equally. Everyone's voice is respected but not worth the same, the decision is an expression of the will of the majority.
|