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Načela, organizaciona struktura i pravna priroda institucionalnih aranžmana neteritorijalne kulturne autonomije
The principles, organizational structure and legal nature of institutional arrangements of non: Territorial cultural autonomy
Projekat: Srpsko i evropsko pravo - upoređivanje i usaglašavanje (MPNTR - 179031)
Sažetak
U radu autor analizira rešenja o načelima formiranja, organizacionoj strukturi i pravnoj prirodi institucionalnih aranžmana neteritorijalne kulturne autonomije u uporednom pravu. Zaključak je da su organizaciona struktura i pravna priroda institucionalnih aranžmana neteritorijalne kulturne autonomije u uporednom pravu različiti. Složena organizaciona struktura takvih aranžmana i njihovo postojanje na različitim nivoima političko-teritorijalnog organizovanja koje u uporednom pravu preovlađuje problematizuje 'neteritorijalni' karakter takve autonomije i odstupa od teorijskog modela prema kome neteritorijalna kulturna autonomija svoja ovlašćenja u pogledu određenih pitanja vrši na čitavoj teritoriji države, rizikujući da iz procesa formiranja tela posredstvom kojih se takva autonomija ostvaruje, naročito u slučaju disperznih manjina, isključi određeni broj njihovih pripadnika. Izričito definisanje pravne prirode takvih aranžmana ređa je pojava u uporednom zakonodavstvu, ali je u većini država u kojima takvi aranžmani postoje njima, makar I na posredan način ili u ustavnosudskoj praksi, priznat status pravnih lica javnog prava.
Abstract
In this work, the author analyses the solutions for the principles of formation, the organizational structure and the legal nature of institutional arrangements for non-territorial cultural autonomy in comparative law. The conclusion is that the organizational structure and the legal nature of the institutional arrangements of non-territorial cultural autonomy are different in comparative law. The complex organizational structure of such arrangements and their existence at different levels of political and territorial organization, which prevails in comparative law, problematizes the 'non-territorial' character of such autonomy and deviates from the theoretical model according to which non-territorial cultural autonomy carries out its authority over certain issues within the entire territory of the state, posing a risk that from the process of forming of bodies, through which such autonomy is realized, especially in the case of dispersed minorities, a certain number of their members could be excluded. The explicit definition of the legal nature of such arrangements is rare in the comparative law, but in most countries where such arrangements exist, the status of legal entities of public law is recognized at least indirectly or in constitutional court jurisprudence.
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