The use of vegetative compatibility tests for identification of biodiversity of phytopathogenic fungi

Krnjaja, Vesna; Lević, Jelena; Stanković, Slavica; Vasić, Tanja

doi:10.2298/PIF1303157K

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Pesticidi i fitomedicina

2013, vol. 28, br. 3, str. 157-165

Primena testova vegetativne kompatibilnosti za identifikaciju biodiverziteta fitopatogenih gljiva

Krnjaja Vesna^a

, Lević Jelena^b, Stanković Slavica^b

, Vasić Tanja^c

^aInstitut za stočarstvo, Beograd-Zemun, Srbija
^bInstitut za kukuruz 'Zemun polje', Beograd-Zemun, Srbija
^cInstitut za krmno bilje, Kruševac, Srbija

e-adresa: vesnakrnjaja.izs@gmail.com

Projekat:

Redukcija toksigenih gljiva roda Fusarium i njihovih mikotoksina u proizvodnji zdravstveno bezbedne hrane na bazi žita (MPNTR - 31023)
Poboljšanje genetičkog potencijala i tehnologija proizvodnje krmnog bilja u funkciji održivog razvoja stočarstva (MPNTR - 31057)

Ključne reči: vegetativna kompatibilnost; fitopatogene gljive; genetički diverzitet; VCGs

Sažetak

Vizuelna ocena fenotipa koja se izvodi kada se dva izolata ili soja jedne vrste gljive gaje u združenim kulturama na specifičnim podlogama, poznata kao test vegetativne ili heterokarionske kompatibilnosti ili nekompatibilnosti, omogućava identifikaciju klonova gljive i njihovu klasifikaciju prema filogenetskim grupama. Hife izolata koje imaju identične alele kod svih vic lokusa mogu da anastomoziraju u oblik vidljivog heterokariona. Izolati koji dele kompatibilne lokuse i mogu da anastomoziraju jedni s drugima pripadaju subpopulaciji označenoj kao vegetativno kompatibilna grupa (VCG) koja je genetski odvojena od drugih vegetativno kompatibilnih grupa (VCGs). Svaka VCG je specifična prema biljci domaćinu ili srodnoj grupi domaćina i može ili ne mora biti virulentna na drugim domaćinima. Vegetativna kompatibilnost može biti utvrđena na različite načine, ali se najčešće koriste komplementarni auksotrofni sojevi, ili sojevi koji su nastali spontanom mutacijom tokom ishrane, a koji su sposobni da obrazuju prototrofni heterokarion. Smatra se da su nit mutanti izvrsni genetički markeri za utvrđivanje vegetativne kompatibilnosti i grupisanje sojeva ili klonova jedne vrste gljive u iste ili različite VCGs. Nesposobnost da se odredi stepen srodnosti korišćenjem VCGs, već samo da li su izolati isti ili ne, ograničava tipove analiza koje bi mogle biti postavljene. VCGs su najefikasnije kada se koriste za utvrđivanje prisustva specifičnog soja u populaciji. U radu je dat pregled značaja fenomena vegetativne kompatibilnosti, kao jedne veoma značajne genetičke osobine kod askomiceta kojom se jedna subpopulacija može identifikovati kao posebna genetička grupa. Isto tako, dat je detaljan opis postupka za izolaciju, identifikaciju i utvrđivanje fenotipa nit mutanata, kao i za identifikaciju komplementarnih sojeva i VCGs.

Abstract

Visual assessment of phenotypes, performed when two strains of one fungal species are cultivated in a mixed culture on specific media, is known as vegetative or heterokaryotic compatibility or incompatibility test, which enables identification of fungal clones and their classification based on phylogenetic groups. Hyphae of strains that have identical alleles at all vic loci can anastomose into a form of a visible heterokaryon. Strains that divide compatible loci and can anastomose each other belong to a subpopulation termed the vegetative compatibility group (VCG), which is genetically distinguishable from other VCGs. Each VCG is specific regarding its host plant or related host groups and can, but does not have to be virulent on other hosts. Vegetative compatibility can be established in different ways, but complementary auxotrophic strains or strains formed by spontaneous mutation during nutrition, capable of forming a prototrophic heterokaryon are predominantly used. The nit mutants are considered excellent genetic markers for determination of vegetative compatibility and grouping of strains or clones of one fungus into the same or different VCGs. The ability only to determine whether strains are the same or not, but not the degree of their relatedness using VCG, is a limiting factor in analyses that could be performed. VCGs are the most efficient when they are employed to detect the presence of a specific strain in a population. This paper provides an overview of the importance of the phenomenon of vegetative compatibility. Vegetative compatibility is one of the most important genetic traits in ascomycetes by which one subpopulation can be identified as a distinct genetic group. Furthermore, the procedures for isolation, identification and determination of nit mutant phenotypes, and for identification of complementary strains and VCGs are described in detail.

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O članku

jezik rada: engleski
vrsta rada: pregledni članak
DOI: 10.2298/PIF1303157K
objavljen u SCIndeksu: 07.11.2013.
metod recenzije: dvostruko anoniman

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