2011, vol. 39, br. 5, str. 505-511
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Pojava crne truleži plodova (Dydimella bryoniae Auersw.) na uljanoj tikvi
Appearance of black rot (Dydimella bryoniae Auersw.) on naked seeded oil pumpkin fruit
aUniverzitet u Novom Sadu, Poljoprivredni fakultet, Srbija bNaučni institut za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo, Novi Sad, Srbija
e-adresa: stevanm@polj.uns.ac.rs
Ključne reči: uljana tikva; crna trulež plodova; Dydimella bryoniae
Keywords: naked-seeded oil pumpkin; Dydimella bryoniae; black rot
Sažetak
Krajem vegetacije 2010. godine, u Bačkom Petrovcu, na oglednim poljima Instituta za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo, na plodovima uljane tikve zapažena je neuobičajeno jaka pojava crne truleži. Pege na plodovima su imale vodenast izgled, a tkivo u okviru njih je trulilo. Razlog masovne pojave i potpunog propadanja plodova uljane tikve tokom 2010. godine vezan je za periode kišovitog i toplog vremena krajem avgusta i početkom septembra. Prisustvo crne truleži je zabeleženo i 2011. godine, međutim, na samo nekoliko pojedinačnih plodova, verovatno zbog drugačijih vremenskih uslova, odnosno izrazito malo padavina. Identifikacija je urađena na osnovu morfoloških i patogenih odlika, prema uobičajenom laboratorijskom postupku. Na osnovu etioloških proučavanja truleži plodova uljane tikve, utvrđeno je da ovo oboljenje prouzrokuje fitopatogena gljiva Dydimella bryoniae Auersw. - prouzrokovač gumozne plamenjače stabla vrežastih biljaka, odnosno crne truleži plodova.
Abstract
Unusual strong appearance of black rot was observed on naked-seeded oil pumpkin fruit at the end of vegetation in experimental plots at the Institute of field and vegetable crops in Bački Petrovac in 2010. High incidence and severity of disease was associated with rainy period towards the end of August until the beginning of September. Pumpkin fruit had initially developed water soaked lesion and later started rotting. Complete rotting of the pumpkin fruits was observed at maturity. Black rot was also noticed during 2011 albeit at lower incidence, likely due to dry weather conditions. Identifications of pathogen have been done on morphological and pathogenic characteristic according to common laboratory practice which have been described by Delibašić and Babović, (2006), Muntanola-Cvetković, (1987) and others. On the basis of etiological investigations of black rot naked-seeded oil pumpkin fruit, it was determined that the disease was caused by the fungus Dydimella bryoniae. This fungus was found for the first time in the 1983 on cucumber, melon and to a lower extent water melon in Vojvodina province (Marić i Maširević, 1984). The disease has been present in the field, green houses, and also in storages after the transportations of water melon, melon and cucumbers. Hot and humid weather is favorable for disease development.
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