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2007, vol. 35, iss. 4, pp. 468-475
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Possibilities of weed control in oilseed rape
Mogućnosti suzbijanja korova u uljanoj repici
aUniversity of Novi Sad, Faculty of Agriculture
bDipkom, Agrimatco Group, Novi Sad
Abstract
Oilseed rape (Brassica napus and B. rapa) belonging to fam. Brassicaceae, is competitive to majority of weed species. However, if weeds are not controlled, they can cause 50% of yield loss and reduce seed quality. Efficient program of weed control in oilseed rape crop should include crop rotation, plowing, disc harrowing and herbicide use. Possibilities of broad leaved weed control in spring crops is limited. This enables creation of spring weed species seed bank in soil. With the purpose of seed reduction in soil, preventive mechanical or chemical measures can be applied in pre -cropping. For the control of annual grass and perennial weed species in spring and autumn oilseed rape, trifluralin, clomazone and alahlor can be used. For voluntieer annual and perrenial narrow leaved weed species corrective herbicides based upon active ingrediants fluazifop-p-butil, quizalofop-p-tefuril and quizalofop-p-ethyl are used, whereas for the control of broad leaved weed species only herbicide clopyralid is registered. In the world on the greater areas, i.e. 11% of 25 millions hectars of oilseed rape are variety tolerant to non-selective herbicide glufosinate ammonium is grown.
Sažetak
Uljana repica (Brassica napus i B. rapa) iz fam. Brassicaceae dobar je kompetitor većini korovskih vrsta. Međutim, ako se korovi ne suzbijaju mogu prouzrokovati 50% žetvenih gubitaka i smanjiti kvalitet semena. Efikasan program suzbijanja korova u usevu uljane repice treba da sadrži i rotaciju useva, oranje, drljanje i primenu herbicida. Mogućnosti suzbijanja širokolisnih korova je ograničeno u jarom usevu, što omogućava stvaranje banke semena u zemljištu prolećnih korovskih vrsta. Kako bi se redukovala količina semena u zemljištu, preventivno se mogu primeniti mehaničke ili hemijske mere u predusevu. Za suzbijanje jednogodišnjih travnih i višegodišnjih korovskih vrsta, u jaroj i ozimoj uljanoj repici mogu se primeniti trifluralin, klomazon i alahlor. Za naknadno nikle jednogodišnje i višegodišnje uskolisne korovske vrste primenjuju se korektivni preparati, na bazi aktivnih materija fluazifop -p-butil, kvizalofop-p-tefuril i kvizalofop-p-etil, dok je za suzbijanje široko-lisnih korovskih vrsta registrovan samo herbicid klopiralid. U svetu se na većim površinama (11% od 25 miliona ha uljane repice) gaji uljana repica tolerantna na neselektivni herbicid glufosinat amonijum.
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