2005, vol. 33, br. 4, str. 435-441
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Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. i mogućnosti njegovog suzbijanja u okopavinama
Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. and its control in row crops
Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Poljoprivredni fakultet
Sažetak
Divlji sirak je višegodišnja biljka, visoka do jednog, a ponekad dostiže visinu i do tri metra. Pri osnovi je busenasto razgranata, sa dobro razvijenim rizomima. Rizomi su kratki i puzeći, sa stolonima. Na jednom hektaru može da se nađe i do tri tone rizoma ove biljke. Upravo je ogroman reproduktivni potencijal ove biljke glavni razlog što joj se posvećuje velika pažnja prilikom zaštite useva. Uglavnom se javlja kao korovska vrsta u okopavinama, zasadima vinograda i voćnjaka, na sušnim livadama i u usevima krmnih biljaka. Efikasno se suzbija primenom pojedinih zemljišnih herbicida, kao što su cikloat, dimetenamid i etofumesat, ali i folijarnim herbicidima, kao što su fenoksaprop-p-etil, fluazifop-p-butil, setoksidim i kletodim. Međutim, u svetu su već utvrđeni rezistentni biotipovi Sorghum halepense na pojedine herbicide iz grupe dinitroanilina i inhibitora enzima ACC i ALS.
Abstract
Johnsongrass is perennial plant that grows up to one meter, and sometimes it reaches even up to three meters in height. At stem base it is branched clod like with well developed rhizomes. Rhizomes are short and creeping with stolones. These plant rhizomes, measured on one hectar can weight even up to three tons. Reproduction capacity of this plant is the main reason of great attention that has been paid to it in crop protection. It predominantly occurs as weed in row crops, vineyards and orchards, on arid meadows and fodder crops. It is efficiently controlled by use of some soil herbicides such as cycloate, dimethenamid and ethofumesate, but also by foliar herbicides fenoxaprop-p-ethil, fluazifop-p-butil, sethoxydim and clethodim. However, in the world S. halepense resistant biotypes have already been determined to certain herbicides belonging to certain dinitroaniline group herbicides and ACC and ALS inhibiting enzymes group.
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